DSpace コレクション:https://usprepo.office.usp.ac.jp:443/dspace/handle/11355/3162023-10-26T16:40:55Z2023-10-26T16:40:55ZRelationship between bending performance and chip size of strand board made from reed永井, 拓生https://usprepo.office.usp.ac.jp:443/dspace/handle/11355/7172022-03-01T16:30:05Z2020-10-31T15:00:00Zタイトル: Relationship between bending performance and chip size of strand board made from reed
著者: 永井, 拓生
抄録: In this article, we report the development of Reed Strand Board (RSB), which is a strand board made from reed. Recently, reed is little utilized with the decline of reed industries in Japan. The aim of this study is to develop a new effective use of reed. However, the reed in raw state has large variations in strength and dimensions. Therefore it is very difficult to use as a structural material despite having similar tensile strength to wood and bamboo. For the purpose of eliminating the variations of strength and dimensions of the material, a strand board is developed in which reeds are finely cut and chipped and hot pressed with an adhesive. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between the size of reed chip and the bending properties of the board.2020-10-31T15:00:00ZCommunity actions against anticommons of forests in contemporary Japan: case studies of former common forestsTAKAHASHI, TakuyaMatsushita, KojiNishimura, Toshiakihttps://usprepo.office.usp.ac.jp:443/dspace/handle/11355/6712021-12-06T16:30:06Z2020-10-18T15:00:00Zタイトル: Community actions against anticommons of forests in contemporary Japan: case studies of former common forests
著者: TAKAHASHI, Takuya; Matsushita, Koji; Nishimura, Toshiaki
抄録: Over the past few decades, many Japanese forest owners and communities have suffered from the outcomes of anticommons (parcelization) phenomenon. Since the Edo Era (17th through 19th centuries), many Japanese commons forests have been subdivided and placed under private ownership. Individual owners of the subdivided small forests (carved out from former commons forests) have lost interest in forestry, resulting in unclear borders. Many owners have relocated outside the villages (absent owners) and/or have passed the land down through generations, resulting in unknown ownership. There are several ways to ameliorate the anticommons phenomenon in Japan, as illustrated by these examples, which we examined employing case study and comparative study approaches. 1) Despite the expense, a residents’ association successfully re-appropriated co-ownership land by “technically” suing the current respective co-owners. 2) Some residents’ associations collectively manage subdivided forests as one unit to reduce the damage caused by animals such as wild boars or deer. However, the units are still legally separate and owned by individuals. 3) A land owners’ association stipulated that a vacating resident owner must sell her forest to the remaining residents. These three cases show how motivations, other than profits, could help address the anticommons phenomenon. These motivations include the intent to keep the community’s holding intact in the event of consolidation at the municipality level, to protect the land against pest animals, and to keep the community’s drinking water pure.2020-10-18T15:00:00Z生態系サービス(自然の恵み)の経済評価:TEEB の現状と課題高橋, 卓也https://usprepo.office.usp.ac.jp:443/dspace/handle/11355/6372020-09-30T01:55:33Z2019-03-28T15:00:00Zタイトル: 生態系サービス(自然の恵み)の経済評価:TEEB の現状と課題
著者: 高橋, 卓也
抄録: 本稿では,公表資料に基づいて生態系と生物多様性の経済学(TEEB) の現状と課題について考察した。最新の国別研究の例としてドイツ(TEEB-DE),最新の分野別研究の例としてTEEB農業食料(TEEBAgriFood),日本国内の影響として国家戦略および地域戦略を概観した。そのうえで,三つの課題(①ローカルな場面での適用,②経済価値獲得の理論と実践の必要性,③イデオロギー的な抵抗感の解消)を挙げた。
内容記述: 当論文の著作権は一般社団法人環境情報科学センターに帰属しており、一般社団法人環境情報科学センターに無断での複製等の利用行為は著作権法で禁止されています2019-03-28T15:00:00ZImpacts of 150 Years of Modernization Policies on the Management of Common Forests in Japan: A Statistical Analysis of Micro Census DataTakahashi, TakuyaMatsushita, KojiYoshida, YoshioSenda, Tetsujihttps://usprepo.office.usp.ac.jp:443/dspace/handle/11355/6362020-09-29T16:30:04Z2019-06-29T15:00:00Zタイトル: Impacts of 150 Years of Modernization Policies on the Management of Common Forests in Japan: A Statistical Analysis of Micro Census Data
著者: Takahashi, Takuya; Matsushita, Koji; Yoshida, Yoshio; Senda, Tetsuji
抄録: After World War II, Japan’s policy makers believed that common forests were underutilized because of their legal status and organization method under customary iriai-type ownership and that modern ownership in the form of group ownership, such as forest producers’ cooperatives, or as individual, separate ownership, would improve the situation. Thus, the Common Forests Modernization Act of 1966 was enacted, following successive modernization policies since the Meiji Restoration in 1868. We evaluated the impacts of the past modernization policies on the management of common forests by statistically comparing the performance of modernized and non-modernized 19,690 common forests based on the World Census of Agriculture and Forestry 2000. The performance measures for comparison included planting, weeding, thinning, and harvesting activities. We found less modernized, customary holdings are more active in tending activities such as weeding and thinning, while modernized holdings may have an advantage in harvesting and timber sales.2019-06-29T15:00:00Z